Expression
CSOs raise concern over Broadcasting Bill
On 5th December 2025, 23 organisations coordinated through the Spaces of Solidarity Forum sent a joint letter to Zambian President Hakainde Hichilema expressing concerns about the Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA) Bill, 2025. While the Bill seeks to modernise Zambia’s broadcasting sector, the organisations warned that vague definitions and broad regulatory powers could undermine freedom of expression, digital rights and media pluralism.
Key concerns include the unclear definition of “broadcast content” and “online broadcasting services,” which could subject bloggers, podcasters, social media influencers, and ordinary users to licensing requirements, creating a chilling effect that could result in self-censorship. Sections 11 and 15 criminalise unlicensed broadcasting with fines up to K200,000 (USD 10,583) and five years’ imprisonment, disproportionately targeting legitimate online activities.
Further concerns include the Authority’s discretionary power to determine whether new broadcasting services are needed before inviting licence applications, potentially excluding independent or critical voices. The executive’s dominant role in appointing the IBA Board is also seen as undermining regulatory independence. Additionally, clauses requiring prior approval of editorial policies threaten media autonomy.
The organisations urged the removal of criminal penalties, adoption of proportionate administrative sanctions, clarification of key definitions, and a transparent, rights-based licensing framework. They called for broader stakeholder consultations and alignment with regional and international human rights instruments to safeguard media freedom and strengthen Zambia’s democratic progress.
Journalists assaulted while on duty
On 15th December 2025, during the court appearance of senior Malawi Congress Party (MCP) leaders, including Secretary General Hon. Richard Chimwendo Banda and party spokesperson Dr. Jessie Kabwila, journalists covering the proceedings in Lilongwe were physically attacked. Zodiak Broadcasting Station (ZBS) reporter Kenphord Mdima and cameraman Aubrey Kuyere were assaulted while livestreaming the arrival of the arrested leaders. They were forced to cut short their broadcast and seek safety inside the courtroom as hostile individuals targeted them, disrupting coverage and threatening their security.
TV Islam reporter Aspolo Mousah was also attacked by suspected MCP supporters. According to the Maravi Post, tensions at the court escalated as party cadres confronted journalists. Mousah was warned to remove his media jacket and secure his equipment, but he was soon assaulted, his bag briefly taken, and beaten by multiple assailants before police intervened. He sustained physical injuries and was left emotionally shaken, struggling to make his way home after the incident.
MISA Malawi condemned the attacks, stressing that the Constitution guarantees freedoms of opinion, expression, the press, information, and assembly. It called for accountability for anyone who violates these rights for political, business, or personal gain.