The state of civic space in Tuvalu is rated as ‘open’. According to Freedom House, Tuvalu is a parliamentary democracy that holds regular, competitive elections. Civil liberties are generally upheld.
However, Tuvalu is not a state party to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and in the last Universal Periodic Review it did not support recommendations to ratify it. Tuvalu’s Office of the Chief Ombudsman acts as the national human rights institution (NHRI). The Ombudsman is responsible for aligning national laws with international conventions. However, the Office of the Chief Ombudsman is not accredited as a national human rights institution (NHRI) under the Paris Principles.
Expression
Tuvalu constitutionally guarantees freedom of expression and the press, and the government generally respects these rights in practice. However, the state's Media Department operates the country's only radio and television stations, and there are no local private or independent media outlets
Lack of progress on freedom of information law
UN experts had recommended that Tuvalu consider introducing a freedom of information law in accordance with international standards. Tuvalu officially launched its Right to Information (RTI) framework in October 2024 to combat corruption, boost transparency, and empower citizens and journalists to hold leaders accountable. The initiative lays the groundwork for future freedom of information legislation. However, no further information has been reported since.
Association
The Incorporation of Non-Governmental Organizations Act of Tuvalu (2008 Revised Edition) provides the legal framework for the formation, regulation, and dissolution of NGOs within the country. It outlines the requirements for incorporation, including the definition of an NGO, the necessary rules and procedures, and the powers and responsibilities of the Registrar.
Challenges for religious organisations
According to Amnesty International, Tuvalu’s Constitution prioritises traditional standards, values and practices over the individual’s right to freedom of religion, freedom of belief and freedom of peaceful assembly and association (Article 11.2).
The Religious Bodies Registration Act 2008 deems that a ‘religious body’ of 50 persons or more must register with the state and be approved by the Falekaupule (the community or village elders) from their island (Article 2). Failure to do so may result in prosecution. The Religious Organisation Restriction Act 2020 provides that where Tuvaluan values and culture are threatened, community leaders may withdraw the approval of a religious organisation (Section 4.4). While the Tuvalu Government seeks to promote religious tolerance, local leaders have attempted to restrict religious activities.
Peaceful Assembly
Right to protest protected
Section 25 of the 1986 Constitution of Tuvalu guarantees the right to assemble freely, but makes it subject to laws protecting the interests of defence, public safety, public order, public morality, or public health, or for the purpose of protecting the rights or freedoms of others.